In functional imaging, however, such as functional MRI, reversible defects were seen bilaterally. These areas can be affected bilaterally or unilaterally, but are most common on the left side. The hippocampal region noted is a watershed area of the brain that is especially subject to impact from various metabolic stresses, possibly due to sensitivity to cytotoxic glutaminergic uptake or release. The origin of TGA is thought to arise from the hippocampus, particularly the CA-1 and Sommer sector, and mediobasal temporal lobe. Many studies have demonstrated associated migraines in these patients, but this has not been demonstrated in all cases. There was not an associated history of prior ischemic stroke, diabetes, or hypertension noted. Although no clear risk factors have been identified, it has been noted more often in patients with a history of ischemic heart disease and hyperlipidemia. The majority of reported cases have been in patients aged 50 to 80 years old. In individuals aged 50 and older, the incidence increases to 23.5 to 32/100,000 per year. The incidence of TGA is about 5.2-10/100,000 per year in the general population. Essentially, the theories generated regarding the etiology of TGA do not explain all of the clinical aspects of TGA to date. In addition, it rarely occurs more than a couple of times in a patient's life. Vascular congestion was considered and is still one of the leading hypotheses, although questions regarding the associated with certain age groups and the fact that it is not seen with venous thrombosis have yet to be explained. Studies have supported and debunked arterial ischemia as a source. These theories have included vascular phenomena, depression, migraines, epilepsy, or psychogenic origins. Multiple theories exist regarding the true etiology of TGA, but none are proven. The diagnosis is largely a diagnosis of exclusion. The symptoms, once resolved, rarely recur and no other neurological deficits present with this condition. While there is disorientation with respect to other people and location, the patients will not lose self-awareness. Patients will often present with repetitive questioning and total anterograde memory loss that resolves within 24 hours. Studies have been inconclusive as to whether there are risk factors for the development of TGA, though some have suggested an association with a history of prior heart disease, migraine, or hyperlipidemia. It is often precipitated by particularly strenuous activity, high-stress events, or coitus, but it can be seen with migraines as well. Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a temporary, anterograde amnesia with an acute onset that usually occurs in middle-aged and older individuals. Explain the importance of improving coordination amongst the interprofessional team to enhance the delivery of care for patients affected by transient global amnesia.Describe the evaluation of transient global amnesia.List the differential diagnosis of transient global amnesia.Identify risk factors for transient global amnesia.This activity reviews the evaluation and management of patients transient global amnesia and highlights the role of interprofessional team members in collaborating to provide well-coordinated care and enhance outcomes for affected patients. While there may be disorientation with respect to other people and location, the patients do not lose self-awareness. Patients often present with repetitive questioning and total anterograde memory loss that resolves within 24 hours. Studies have been inconclusive as to whether there are risk factors for the development of transient global amnesia, though some have suggested an association with a history of prior heart disease, migraine, or hyperlipidemia. It is often precipitated by particularly strenuous activity, high-stress events, or coitus, but it can be seen with migraines. Transient global amnesia (TGA) is acute onset anterograde amnesia that is temporary and usually occurs in middle-aged and older individuals.
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